1. In which of the three states of matter do the particles have the least amount of energy?

a) Solid
b) Liquid
c) Gas
d) All states have the same amount of energy

2. What happens to the particles in a substance when they gain enough energy to change from a solid to a liquid?

a) They move slower and closer together
b) They move faster and further apart
c) They stop moving and remain in fixed positions
d) They remain in the same fixed positions but vibrate more

3. Which statement correctly describes the arrangement and movement of the particles in a solid?

a) The particles are far apart and move randomly at high speed
b) The particles are close together and they can slide past each other
c) The particles are close together and they vibrate about fixed positions
d) The particles are far apart and vibrate randomly

4. Melting, freezing and boiling are examples of a change.

5. In a chemical reaction or change new are formed as the reactants are changed into products; however in a physical change there is a change in of the particles present but no new substances are formed.

6. Which of the states of matter are easily compressed?

a) Solids and liquids
b) Liquids and gases
c) Liquids
d) Gases

7. What is required for a substance to change from a liquid to a gas?

a) The particles must lose kinetic energy and move closer together
b) The particles must lose kinetic energy and move further apart
c) The particles must gain kinetic energy and move further apart
d) They particles must gain kinetic energy and move closer together

8. Which of the following is NOT a key assumption of the particle model?

a) All matter is made up of particles
b) The particles are in constant random motion
c) There are strong forces of attraction between the particles
d) Collisions between the particles are elastic; that is there is no loss of kinetic energy

9. Oxygen has a melting point of -218⁰C and a boiling point of -182⁰C so at a temperature of -190⁰C oxygen will be in the state.

10. Adding kinetic energy to the particles in a solid by heating them can cause the solid to:

a) Become more dense
b) Become less dense
c) Vibrate more slowly
d) Warm and the atoms in the solid to expand